{"id":13790,"date":"2017-10-31T17:00:17","date_gmt":"2017-10-31T17:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.intercom.com\/?p=13790"},"modified":"2020-07-31T23:32:59","modified_gmt":"2020-07-31T22:32:59","slug":"data-points-what-should-your-startup-measure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.intercom.com\/blog\/data-points-what-should-your-startup-measure\/","title":{"rendered":"Data points: what should your startup measure?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"opening_paragraph\">When you\u2019re building a startup, data can be like a warm blanket on a cold night. Data is comforting. It can be trusted. It\u2019s black and white with no apparent shades of gray.<\/p>\n<p>As Harvard Business School professor <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/claychristensen\">Clay Christensen<\/a> has said, \u201cMany people view numerical data as more trustworthy than qualitative data.\u201d The reality, however, is that data can introduce even more uncertainty into your business <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intercom.com\/blog\/finding-the-metrics-that-matter-for-your-product\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">if not used correctly<\/a>. Because humans are deciding what to measure, how to measure and why to measure, almost all data is built on biases and judgment.<\/p>\n<p>That doesn\u2019t mean you should ignore data and act on intuition alone. The point is that data is only one lens on your business. What your users are saying is another perspective. What you want to do internally is another. What makes financial sense is another.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"get-on-the-same-page-early-on\">Get on the same page early on<\/h2>\n<p>I came to Intercom right after we closed our Series A funding round. At that point it was just product people at Intercom. Our series A investor, <a href=\"https:\/\/intercom.com\/blog\/podcast-mamoon-hamid-on-raising-capital\/\">Mamoon Hamid<\/a> from Social Capital, looked around and said it was time to get the house in order from a finance and measurement perspective.<\/p>\n<p>Joining at that early stage, right before we hit one million dollars in annual recurring revenue (ARR), was really insightful. Eoghan and the founders had done a great job setting up the fundamentals, but by bringing in finance and analytics early, we could start to understand deeper questions about the business. We could figure out where that ARR was coming from. How could we think about it moving forward? Why might we need future capital? When might we need it? Who might we want to start hiring?<\/p>\n<p>Getting these questions answered made our later rounds of fundraising easier. Your job while fundraising, whether you\u2019re the CEO or the CFO, is to use data to build a case for why your company is going to be X times more valuable than it is today. Then it&#8217;s up to you to put that data together in a compelling story.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: 1px solid #CCC; border-width: 1px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%;\" src=\"\/\/www.slideshare.net\/slideshow\/embed_code\/key\/1sUVJpiLLPc3KU\" width=\"595\" height=\"485\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"> <\/iframe><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><em>Intercom&#8217;s first pitch deck<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Bringing finance and analytics in early also meant we could all get on the same page regarding metrics. One mistake I see at a lot of other early stage startups is that they don\u2019t have well-defined sources of truth. People start talking about churn, but what are they really talking about? Are they talking about gross MRR (Monthly Recurring Revenue) churn? Are they talking about net MRR churn? Are they talking about customer churn? Too often, metrics get thrown out, and it&#8217;s unclear exactly what they mean. It\u2019s easy to spend a lot of time arguing about the actual data and numbers instead of figuring out what that data and numbers are telling you.<\/p>\n<p class=\"quote\">The real challenge is working out how to turn signups into long-term customers.<\/p>\n<p>For example, if Apple were driven by data, they would have shut down their Genius Bar after years of no activity. If Ryanair were customer driven they\u2019d remove all their sneaky fees and charges. If Zappos were driven by margins, they\u2019d abandon their generous returns policy. They\u2019re all just perspectives. Just because data is objective, it doesn\u2019t mean that it guides you to the right decision. Just because it\u2019s precise, it\u2019s not necessarily valuable.<\/p>\n<p>Early stage companies have limited resources in terms of attention, so it\u2019s critical to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intercom.com\/blog\/finding-the-metrics-that-matter-for-your-product\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">focus on data that\u2019s important<\/a> to them, not necessarily what conventional wisdom tells them to measure. For example, If you\u2019re looking to disrupt a well defined market, then you should know that the success of your company won\u2019t be measured by the same metrics used by the big players in the market. Airbnb and the Hilton group have very different definitions of success, but each are valid for their business<\/p>\n<p>Alternatively if you\u2019re establishing a new space, or new type of product, it\u2019s nearly impossible to know what metrics you should be optimizing for. Sure you study your signup funnel, optimize your landing page and simplify the onboarding. That\u2019s the easy bit. The real challenge is working out how to turn signups into serious long-term customers. The relevant metrics for this only emerge over time. Until then you can pore aimlessly over your dashboards, or as we\u2019ve always found to be more productive, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intercom.com\/blog\/inbox\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">start talking to customers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless of your business, you\u2019re likely going to want data to help you do two things:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Grow your product<\/li>\n<li>Grow your business<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Data to help your product grow<\/h3>\n<p>The world of startups is full of \u201cgolden rules\u201d about dated metrics like bounce rate, time on site, pages per visit and more. For modern software products, these rules are bullshit. It\u2019s not that they\u2019re incorrect, it\u2019s just that these rules offer information that isn\u2019t actionable and doesn\u2019t matter to your business. Google\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/avinash\">Avinash Kaushik<\/a> puts it best, \u201cThe average conversion rate in the United States of America, whether you\u2019re selling elephants or iPods, will be 2%\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>We\u2019ve found three metrics to be fundamental to understanding the overall health of a product:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Intent to use:<\/strong> The actions customers are taking that tell you definitively they intend to use your product e.g. customer has imported custom data.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Activation:<\/strong> The point when a customer gets real value from your product e.g. customer has invited five teammates in seven days.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Engagement:<\/strong> How much, how often and how long customers continue to gain value from the product e.g. the number of photos uploaded per user per day.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>These metrics mean very different things to different businesses. A $99 B2B SaaS app defines engagement very differently from an e-commerce website. So rather than fixating on what others are measuring, take time to understand which metrics are most important for your business.<\/p>\n<h3>Data to help your business grow<\/h3>\n<p>When a VC comes knocking with questions about your business, you need to have your house in order. Know the difference between your gross churn and your net churn.<\/p>\n<p class=\"quote quote-left\">Know the difference between your gross churn and your net churn.<\/p>\n<p>It takes time to identify and understand each of these metrics in the context of your business. More importantly, it takes deep analysis and constant experimentation to understand how you can impact them. You don\u2019t want to be considering these metrics for the first time when you get a query about them from a potential investor. Plan accordingly. If you don\u2019t already have an analyst on your team, seriously consider hiring one that can own this.<\/p>\n<p>With today\u2019s analytics tools, it\u2019s easy to measure hundreds, if not thousands of different metrics for your business. Cutting through all the noise to determine the most important or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intercom.com\/blog\/sales-kpis-metrics\/\">insightful metrics<\/a> can be quite a challenge. If you\u2019re struggling to identify the most important ones for your business, we\u2019ve written before about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intercom.com\/blog\/saas-metrics-for-fundraising\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the most important financial metrics startups should measure<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"beware-false-gods\">Beware false gods<\/h2>\n<p>Every business is so different. Every business has a different story, is selling to different segments, has different market positioning and has different buyers. For us, and it\u2019s something I\u2019d advise any other startup to do, it was all about finding the metrics that proved Intercom was on the road to being successful.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"small\" src=\"https:\/\/intercom.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Local-vs-global-max.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Data can be a powerful tool for any startup, but a lot of times it tells a story of what happened in the past, not necessarily what will happen in the future. If you simply rely on data, it can end up bringing you to a local maximum rather than allowing you hit your full potential. So you iterate and optimize instead of taking big bets, and never take the steps required to get you out of that local maximum.<\/p>\n<p>The highest rewards come from the biggest risks. Sometimes you need to make a leap of faith, regardless of what the data says. That\u2019s when things gets exciting.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p class=\"inline-cta-quote\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intercom.com\/blog\/books\/starting-up\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adapted from our recently published book <em>Intercom on Starting Up.<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intercom.com\/blog\/books\/starting-up\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/intercom.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Intercom-On-Stating-Up-CTA.png\" alt=\"Download or buy our book Intercom on Starting Up\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When you\u2019re building a startup, data can be like a warm blanket on a cold night. Data is comforting. It can be trusted. It\u2019s black and white with no apparent shades of gray. As Harvard Business&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":127,"featured_media":13754,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"category":[4],"tags":[259,134,61],"coauthors":[380],"class_list":["post-13790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-data","tag-finance","tag-metrics"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Data points: what should your startup measure? - The Intercom Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When you\u2019re building a startup, data is comforting and trustworthy. 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